Goal-directed therapy reduces fluid balance while maintaining hemodynamic stability in intraoperative management of pancreaticoduodenectomy: a retrospective comparative study

Background Goal-directed therapy (GDT) is beneficial for surgical patients, especially for those undergoing high-risk surgery. However, little has been reported on the hemodynamic effects of GDT in extensive surgery. We conducted a study to determine the impact of GDT on intraoperative management of extensive surgery. Findings We retrospectively collected data from 90 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy: 44 who received intraoperative GDT (GDT group) and 46 who received conventional hemodynamic management (control group). Intraoperative use of fluids and catecholamines and physiologic variables, including mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and urine output, were compared. We also examined the correlation between the amount of fluid administered and urine output. The amount of fluid administered was comparable, and urine output was significantly larger in the GDT group than in the control group. Fluid balance was significantly smaller in the GDT group (49.7 versus 61.7 mL/kg; 95% confidence interval, - 19.5 to - 4.6 mL/kg; P = 0.0019). There was a trend toward higher mean arterial pressure in the GDT group despite lower fluid balance. We found a rank correlation between the amount of fluid administered and urine output in the GDT group (rank correlation coefficient, 0.68; P < 0.001), but there was no such correlation in the control group. Conclusions GDT increased urine output and decreased fluid balance while maintaining hemodynamic stability. The amount of fluid administered and urine output were correlated in the GDT group.